Pregnancy does not steal calcium from your teeth. The dental problems of this period come from hormones, changes in diet and oral care that slips; all of them can be prevented.
What changes in the mouth during pregnancy?
Pregnancy gingivitis
Higher hormone levels make the gums react more strongly to plaque. The gums become red and swollen and bleed easily. It usually starts from the second month. It is kept under control with good oral care and professional cleaning.
Nausea and vomiting
Stomach acid softens the enamel. Brushing straight after vomiting wears away the softened enamel.
Changes in diet
Frequent snacking and cravings for sweet things increase how often the teeth meet acid, and so the risk of decay.
Pregnancy tumour
The name is alarming but it is harmless: a red, soft lump on the gum that bleeds easily. It usually shrinks by itself after the birth.
Can you have dental treatment while pregnant?
Yes. Pain and infection are a greater risk than the treatment. An untreated dental infection can cause problems for both mother and baby. Be sure to tell your dentist that you are pregnant and how many weeks.
- First trimester: The period when the baby's organs are forming. Urgent treatment is carried out; planned procedures are postponed.
- Second trimester: The most suitable period for dental treatment. Fillings, root canal treatment, scaling and necessary extractions can be done.
- Third trimester: Lying on your back in the chair for long may be uncomfortable. Non-urgent procedures are left until after the birth.
Cosmetic procedures such as whitening and non-urgent surgery are postponed until after the birth.
Anaesthetic, medication and X-rays
Local anaesthetic can be used safely in pregnancy; pain-free treatment also matters for reducing stress. As for medication, do not take painkillers or antibiotics on your own; your dentist chooses ones that are safe in pregnancy and consults your obstetrician if needed.
X-rays are not taken unless essential. In an emergency where one is needed for diagnosis, the dose of a dental X-ray taken with a lead apron is very low. For details see our dental X-ray page.
Oral care during pregnancy
- Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and floss every day.
- If brushing triggers nausea, try a small-headed brush and a mild-tasting toothpaste, and choose the time of day when nausea is least.
- After vomiting, rinse with water or with a teaspoon of baking soda stirred into a glass of water; wait at least half an hour before brushing.
- For snacks choose cheese, yoghurt, raw vegetables and nuts; cut down on sugary drinks.
- See a dentist at least once during your pregnancy.
Best of all, if you are planning a pregnancy, have a check-up beforehand and complete any outstanding treatment.
Gum health and the baby
Research points to a link between advanced gum disease in the mother and premature birth and low birth weight. Cause and effect has not been established, but protecting gum health is good for the mother in any case. Gum treatment can be carried out safely during pregnancy.
Frequently asked questions
Can a tooth be extracted during pregnancy?
If necessary, yes. Leaving an infected, painful tooth in the mouth carries more risk. For extractions that can be planned, the second trimester is preferred.
Is it true that "every baby costs a tooth"?
No. The baby gets the calcium it needs from the mother's diet and bone stores, not from her teeth. Tooth loss in pregnancy is caused by neglected oral care and untreated gum disease.
Can I have dental treatment while breastfeeding?
Yes. Local anaesthetic and dental treatment are compatible with breastfeeding. If medication needs to be prescribed, tell your dentist that you are breastfeeding.
This article is for general information and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment. If you have a complaint, please see your dentist.